A typical cell in an EV battery pack contributes to 77% of battery cost, among which 51% is from the cathode. Apart from this, a significant risk lies in the …
The more common findings include underachieving capacity and RTE, resulting from abnormally large temperature and voltage variations among cells within a battery module; charging or discharging failure due to wiring issues in a battery rack''s high voltage boxes; and thermal runaway initiated in one of the battery modules by internal …
In order to avoid problem shifting, a life cycle perspective should be applied in the environmental assessment of traction batteries. The aim of this study was to …
IEC Technical Committee 21 has published a new guidance document, IEC 63218, which outlines recommendations for the collection, recycling and environmental …
Section snippets Goal and scope definition. The goal of this study is twofold. Firstly, it is aimed at the identification and quantification of the environmental impacts associated with a theoretical MgS battery based on the MgS cell developed by Wagner et al. [38]. Secondly, the hot spots of the estimated environmental impacts will also be …
We report the first cradle-to-gate emissions assessment for a mass-produced battery in a commercial battery electric vehicle (BEV); the lithium-ion battery pack used in the Ford Focus BEV.
1. Introduction. Decarbonizing vehicular transport for a sustainable environment has attracted global attention as it is deemed a potent and innovative solution to reducing carbon emissions, environmental pollution and promoting public health and wellbeing (Liu et al., 2021; McClellan et al., 2018).Climate change conditions and …
Among the entire lithium-ion battery pack, the battery enclosure, which protects the vehicle body system and ensures electrical safety, exhibits the highest environmental emissions throughout the ...
In this work, based on footprint family, resource depletion and toxic damage indicators, 11 types of EV bat-tery packs and five regions were selected to evaluate the environmental …
Life cycle assessment of a lithium-ion battery vehicle pack Linda Ager-Wick Ellingsen, Guillaume Majeau-Bettez, Bhawna Singh, Akhilesh K. Srivastava, Lars Ole Valøen, Anders Hammer Strømman
The present study aims to optimize the structural design of a Z-type flow lithium-ion battery pack with a forced air-cooling system (FACS) known as BTMS (Battery Thermal Management System).
With the increase in battery usage and the decommissioning of waste power batteries (WPBs), WPB treatment has become increasingly important. However, there is little knowledge of systems and norms regarding the performance of WPB dismantling treatments, although such facilities and factories are being built across the globe. In this …
Critical review and functional safety of a battery ...
1.1. Environmental impacts of battery electric vehicles. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a methodology standardised by ISO, 2006, ISO, 2006 to analyse the environmental impacts of products or systems. LCA has been widely applied to electric vehicles in the scientific literature (Hawkins et al., 2012; Marmiroli et al., 2018; Nordelöf et …
This study conducts a scenario-based life cycle assessment (LCA) of three different scenarios combining four key parameters: future changes in the charging …
DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120437 Corpus ID: 254328068; Breaking it down: A techno-economic assessment of the impact of battery pack design on disassembly costs @article{Lander2023BreakingID, title={Breaking it down: A techno-economic assessment of the impact of battery pack design on disassembly costs}, author={Laura A. Lander and …
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with relatively high energy density and power density are considered an important energy source for new energy vehicles (NEVs). However, LIBs are highly sensitive to temperature, which makes their thermal management challenging. Developing a high-performance battery thermal management system …
In this study, the environmental assessment of one battery pack (with a nominal capacity of 11.4 kWh able to be used for about 140,000 km of driving) is carried out by using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology consistent with ISO 14040. The system boundaries are the battery production, the operation phase and recycling at the end of life ...
This section presents a comprehensive review of the literature on CBMs for BEVs. An overview is presented in Table 1.Two main types of CBMs for BEVs are identified across studies: i) repurposing batteries after their first use in BEVs either in BEVs in a different market or in another application (e.g., energy storage), followed by recycling, …
Purpose. Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) have been widely publicized. Their driving performances depend mainly on lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Research on this topic has been concerned with the battery pack''s integrative environmental burden based on battery components, functional unit settings during the production phase, and different …
This paper presents the results of an environmental assessment of a Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt (NMC) Lithium-ion traction battery for Battery Electric Light-Duty Commercial Vehicles (BEV-LDCV) used for urban and regional freight haulage. A cradle-to-grave Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) of NMC111 is provided, operation and end-of …
By comparing the environmental impacts of the steel battery enclosure with those of lightweight materials such as aluminum alloy and CF-SMC composite …
In this synthetic environmental assessment, to reflect the full environmental burden in the production and use phases, we select two kinds of BEV …
Prospective cost and environmental impact assessment of battery and fuel cell electric vehicles in Germany. Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. (2019) ... when the cooling plate is placed on the bottom of the battery pack, a significant temperature gradient in the vertical direction is observed. On the contrary, adopting a serpentine cooling plate ...
The development of Li-ion batteries has enabled the re-entry of electric vehicles into the market. As car manufacturers strive to reach higher practical specific energies (550 Wh/kg) than what is achievable for Li-ion batteries, new alternatives for battery chemistry are being considered. Li-Sulfur batteries are of interest due to their …
BEV battery packs and different types of electricity genera-tion. In this synthetic environmental assessment, to reflect the full environmental burden in the production and use phases, we select two kinds of BEV battery packs and five regions to measure the performance of pack categories and the impor-
The high cost of Lithium-ion battery systems is one of the biggest challenges hindering the wide adoption of electric vessels. For some marine applications, battery systems based on the current monotype …
This review analyzed the literature data about the global warming potential (GWP) of the lithium-ion battery (LIB) lifecycle, e.g., raw material mining, production, use, and end of life. The literature data were associated with three macro-areas—Asia, Europe, and the USA—considering common LIBs (nickel manganese cobalt …
For instance, consider the target value of 9.7 kg CO 2-eq/kWh for a battery pack. Northvolt, a Swedish battery manufacturer, aims to produce battery cells with a carbon footprint lower than 10 kg CO 2-eq/kWh by 2030 [18]. This illustrates the acceptance of an absolute environmental sustainability target perspective in selected industries.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.056 Corpus ID: 128181737; Energy and environmental assessment of a traction lithium-ion battery pack for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles @article{Cusenza2019EnergyAE, title={Energy and environmental assessment of a traction lithium-ion battery pack for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles}, author={Maria Anna …
The breakdown of material comprising batteries, from active material through individual cells, modules, and packs, is well documented in the literature; …
This paper presents the results of an environmental assessment of a Nickel-Manganese-Cobalt (NMC) Lithium-ion traction battery for Battery Electric Light-Duty Commercial Vehicles (BEV …
The Li-S battery pack is configured with a 61.3 kWh capacity to power a mid-size EV for 320 km range. ... The environmental impact assessment results illustrate that Li-S battery is more ...
Similarly, Todorut et al., (2020) revealed that the emission of CO2 of electric buses (109465 Q electric CO2) was 2.605 times lower than that of diesel buses (285235 Q diesel CO2) due to the less ...
1 Environmental assessment of a new generation battery: The magnesium-sulfur system Claudia Tomasini Montenegroa, Jens F. Petersb, Manuel Baumannc, Zhirong Zhao-Kargera, Christopher Wolterd and Marcel Weil*a,c aHelmholtz Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage (HIU), Ulm, Germany. bUniversity of Alcalá (UAH), Department of …